Danfara jumɛn bɛ nɛgɛ intan 304, 304L, 316 ani 316L cɛ?

Nɛgɛ jumɛn ye nɛgɛ ye min tɛ sɔgɔ?

Inox ye nɛgɛ suguya dɔ ye. Nɛgɛ bɛ tali kɛ nɛgɛ la min ka gazi (C) tɛ 2% bɔ, wa a ka ca ni 2% ye, o ye nɛgɛ ye. Ni aw ye chromium (CR), nickel (NI), manganɛsi (MN), silimɔn (SI), titanium (TI), molibdɛni (MO), ani nɛgɛmafɛnw sɛnɛcogo wɛrɛw fara a kan, o bɛ nɛgɛ ka baara ɲɛ ani ka nɛgɛw ka sɔgɔli kɛcogo ɲɛ (o kɔrɔ ye ko nɔgɔ tɛ) o de ye an ka teli ka min wele ko nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ.
"Nɛgɛ" ni "nɛgɛ" ye mun ye tigitigi, jogo jumɛnw b'u la, ani jɛɲɔgɔnya jumɛn bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ? 304, 304L, 316, ani 316L tun ka teli ka kuma minnu kan, olu bɔra cogo di, ani danfara jumɛn bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ?
Nɛgɛ: Fɛn min bɛ ni nɛgɛ ye i n’a fɔ a kunba, kabon hakɛ caman bɛ 2% duguma, ani fɛn wɛrɛw. ——GB/T 13304-91 "Steel Classification" .
Nɛgɛ: Nɛgɛmafɛn min bɛ ni atomikɛlan ye 26. Nɛgɛmafɛnw bɛ ni feromagnetisme barikama ye, u ka plasitiki ɲuman, ani u ka funteni jiginni.
Inox: min bɛ se ka fiɲɛ, watara, ji, ani fɛn wɛrɛ barikamaw walima nɛgɛ intan. Nɛgɛ hakɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ka caya, olu ye 304, 304L, 316 ani 316L ye, olu ye nɛgɛ 300 ye minnu bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye min tɛ sɔgɔ.

 

Mun na nɛgɛw bɛ ni nɛgɛ ye minnu tɛ sɔgɔ?

Inox (inox) sɔgɔli kɛcogo la, k’a sababu kɛ fɛn suguya wɛrɛw ye minnu bɛ fara ɲɔgɔn kan, suguya wɛrɛw hakɛ min bɛ fara a kan, o tɛ kelen ye. A jogo fana tɛ kelen ye. Walasa k’u danfara, nɛgɛ hakɛ danfaralenw bɛ masafugulan na. Ninnu ye "alloy element" kɔnɔko ye nɛgɛ hakɛ danfaralenw na minnu bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye min bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye min bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye min bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛ walasa ka kunnafoni sɔrɔ dɔrɔn:
kemikaliya kɛcogo (mass fraction, %) .

 

 

 

Baara kɛcogo ɲɛfɔli: 

304 Inox ye nɛgɛ hakɛ ye min ka ca ni tɔw bɛɛ ye. I n’a fɔ nɛgɛ min bɛ kɛ ka caya, a bɛ se ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ, funteni kunbɛncogo ɲuman, a ka dɔgɔn-funteni fanga, ani a ka masina cogoyaw; A bɛ baara funteni ɲuman sɔrɔ i n’a fɔ stamping ani bending ani a tɛ funteni furakɛli gɛlɛya (non-Magnetic, convenable temperature -196℃C ~ 800℃).

 

A bɛ se ka kɛ cogo min na:

du kɔnɔ fɛnw (tabali 1 ani tabali 2, kabiniw, so kɔnɔ pibilikiw, jisumalanw, bojiw, baarakɛminɛnw);
Auto Parts (Windshield Wipers, Mufflers, Moldings);
furakɛli minɛnw, sow jɔli minɛnw, simi, dumuniko, sɛnɛ, ani kurunbokari yɔrɔw.

 

 

Baara kɛcogo ɲɛfɔli:

I n’a fɔ a ka dɔgɔ-Carbon 304 nɛgɛ, a ka sɔgɔli kunbɛncogo bɛ tali kɛ nɛgɛ 304 ta la caman na. Nka, welding walima stress relief kɔfɛ, a bɛ se ka sumanw dancɛ sɔgɔli kɛlɛ kosɛbɛ; A bɛ se fana ka sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ kunbɛncogo ɲuman mara ni funteni furakɛli tɛ, wa a baara funteni ye -196 degere C fo 800 degɛrɛ c ye.

 

A bɛ se ka kɛ cogo min na:

A bɛ kɛ foro masinw na kemikɛli, kɔɔri, ani petoroli baarakɛyɔrɔw la minnu bɛ se ka suman dancɛw sɔgɔli bali kosɛbɛ, funteni{0}} sow jɔli minɛnw yɔrɔw, ani yɔrɔ minnu furakɛli ka gɛlɛn.

 

 

 

Baara kɛcogo ɲɛfɔli:

K’a sababu kɛ molibdɛni farali ye, 316 inox bɛ se ka sɔgɔli kɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, fiɲɛ sɔgɔli kunbɛncogo ɲuman, ani fiɲɛ fanga ka bon-Furaya fanga la, wa a bɛ se ka kɛ cogo jugu la A bɛ baara gɛlɛyali ɲumanba sɔrɔ (No-Magnetic).

 

A bɛ se ka kɛ cogo min na:

minɛn minnu bɛ kɛ kɔgɔji la, kemikɛli, kala, papiye, asidi ɔkisaliki, bagaji, ani fɛn wɛrɛw dilanni minɛn wɛrɛw; Ja, dumuniko, kɔgɔjida lamini yɔrɔw, juruw, CD berew, bololanɛgɛw, ani numanfɛ.

 

 

 

 

kemikɛli fɛnɲɛnamafagalan .

 

Ka sɛbɛen masin na	C Max .	MN ye . Max .	P Max .	C Max .	Si . Max .	CR .	Ni .	MO .	dɔ wɛrɛ
304	0.08	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	18-20	8-12		--
304L	0.03	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	18-20	8-12		--
316	0.08	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	16-18	10-14	2-3	--
316L	0.03	2.0	0.045	0.03	1.0	16-18	10-14	2-3	--

 

316 ani 316L inox ye molibdɛni ye-Sɛnɛfɛn suguya minnu bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye. Molybdenum hakɛ min bɛ 316L inox kɔnɔ, o ka bon dɔɔnin ka tɛmɛ 316 inox ta kan. K’a sababu kɛ molibdɛni ye nɛgɛ la, nin nɛgɛ in baara bɛɛ lajɛlen ka fisa ni nɛgɛ 310 ni 304 ta ye. Ni a ka ca ni 15% ye ani ni a ka ca ni 85% ye, ni a ka ca ni 316 ye, a nafa ka bon ka tɛmɛ 15% kan, o la, a ka ca a la, a bɛ kɛ ni kulori ye, a ka ca a la, a bɛ kɛ kɔgɔjida laminiw na. 316L stainless nɛgɛ ye, a bɛ se ka kɛ ko a ka ca ni 03 ye ani a tɛ se ka kɛ ni a bɛ kɛ ni 0.03 ye. A tɛ se ka kɛ ani yɔrɔ min na, a bɛ se ka kɛ ko a bɛ se ka kɛ ko a bɛ se ka kɛ ko a bɛ se ka kɛ ko a bɛ se ka kɛ ko a bɛ se ka kɛ.

 

Corrosion resistance .

316 inox resistance resistance ka fisa ni 304 inox ta ye, wa a bɛ ni corrosion resistance ɲuman ye pulp ni papier dilanni taabolo la. Ka fara o kan, 316 inox fana bɛ se ka bɔgɔbɔ kɔgɔjida la ani iziniw ka fiɲɛw fɛ.

Jɛkuluba kɔnɔ, danfara caman tɛ 304 inox ni 316 inox cɛ kemikɛli sɔgɔli kɛlɛli siratigɛ la, nka danfara bɛ kunnafonidilan kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔw la.

Nɛgɛ min ma sɔgɔ fɔlɔ, o tun ye 304 ye, o min bɛ sɛgɛn ka sɔgɔli kɛ cogo dɔw la. Ni aw ye molibdɛni 2-3% wɛrɛ fara a kan, o bɛ dɔ bɔ o sɛgɛsɛgɛli la, wa o cogo la, 316 bɛ bange. Ka fara o kan, o molibdɛni wɛrɛ bɛ se ka dɔ bɔ asidi organique funteni dɔw sɔgɔli la.

316 nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o kɛra fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ se ka kɛ dumuni ni minnifɛnw dilanni na. K’a sababu kɛ molibdɛni dɛsɛ ye diɲɛ kɔnɔ ani nikɛri hakɛ ka ca nɛgɛ 316 kɔnɔ, nɛgɛ 316 sɔngɔ ka gɛlɛn ka tɛmɛ nɛgɛ 304 kan.

Pitting corrosion ye ko ye min bɛ sɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la deposition corrosion kan nɛgɛ inox sanfɛ, min tɛ se ka kɛ chromium oxide lakanani fɛn ye ka da oksizɛni dɛsɛ kan.

Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, fɛnɲɛnamafagalan misɛnninw na, fɛnw bɛ se ka bila valve plate kan, o ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ, o la, pitting corrosion fana man ca.

Jibɔlan suguya caman na (ji disili, ji min, baji ji, ji, kɔgɔji, a ɲɔgɔnnaw), nɛgɛ 304 nɔgɔli kunbɛncogo ani nɛgɛ 316 316 bɛ ɲini ka kɛ kelen ye, fo ni kulori ionw hakɛ bɛ se ka caya kosɛbɛ, nin waati in na, nɛgɛ 316 bɛna bɛn kosɛbɛ.

A ka c’a la, danfara caman tɛ 304 inox ni 316 inox 304 ka sɔgɔli kunbɛncogo la, nka a dɔw la,

 

Sumaya kɛlɛli .

Ni aw bɛ baara kɛ ni a ye waati ni waati ka tɛmɛ degere 1600 kan ani ka to ka baara kɛ ni a ye degere 1700 duguma, nɛgɛ 316 bɛ se ka oksidan kunbɛncogo ɲuman sɔrɔ. Degɛrɛ 800-1575 hakɛ la, a ka fisa i kana baara kɛ ni 316 ye min tɛ sɔgɔ ka tɛmɛ, nka ni nɛgɛ 316 bɛ baara kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye min tɛ sɔgɔ ka tɛmɛ nin funteni hakɛ in kan, nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o bɛ funteni kunbɛncogo ɲuman sɔrɔ. 316L inox resistance resistance resistance ka fisa ni 316 inox ta ye, wa sanfɛ funteni hakɛ bɛ se ka kɛ.

 

Sumaya furakɛli .

Annealing bɛ kɛ funteni hakɛ la min ye degere 1850-2050 ye, o kɔfɛ, annealing teliyalen ani nɛnɛ teliya. 316 nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o tɛ se ka gɛlɛya funteni furakɛli fɛ.

 

Welding .

316 Inox bɛ ni welding kɛcogo ɲuman ye. welding fɛɛrɛ sariyalenw bɛɛ bɛ se ka kɛ ka welding kɛ. Ka kɛɲɛ ni a kɛcogo ye, 316CB, 316L, walima 309CB inox filler berew walima welding berew bɛ se ka kɛ ka welding kɛ. Walasa ka sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ kunbɛncogo ɲuman sɔrɔ, 316 inox yɔrɔ min bɛ welda, o ka kan ka sɔgɔ welding kɔfɛ. Ni 316L inox bɛ baara kɛ, post-Weld annealing tɛ wajibiya.

 

Mekaniki jogo .

 

Ka sɛbɛen masin na	UTS . N/mm .	Nafa sɔrɔli N/mm .	Elongation . %	gɛlɛya . HRB .	DIN nimɔrɔ min bɛ se ka suma ni o ye .
					A ye baara kɛ .	ka yelen
304	600	210	60	80	1.4301	1.4308
304L	530	200	50	70	1.4306	1.4552
316	560	210	60	78	1.4401	1.4408
316L	530	200	50	75	1.4406	1.4581

 

Nɛgɛ bɛɛ la, nɛgɛ minnu bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye, olu de bɛ sɔrɔ yɔrɔ la min ka dɔgɔn. O la, masinko siratigɛ la, nɛgɛ min bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye, o tɛ fɛn bɛɛ la ɲuman ye min bɛ kɛ ka sumanw tigɛ, bawo walasa ka fanga dɔ sɔrɔ, sumanmugu jiribolo cɛmancɛ bɛna bonya. Sumaya yɔrɔ tɛ se ka caya funteni furakɛli fɛ, nka a bɛ se ka caya ni nɛnɛ ye.

 

magnɛti .

K’a sababu kɛ nɛgɛ ye min bɛ kɛ ni nɛgɛ ye, o bɛ kɛ ka caya, mɔgɔw bɛ miiri cogo jugu la ko nɛgɛ min tɛ sɔgɔ, o bɛɛ tɛ magɛnni ye. Ni autenitic stainless steel, bɛ se ka faamuya kosɛbɛ ko non-magnetic, wa a ye tiɲɛ ye quenched forged steel fɛ. Nka 304 min bɛ baara kɛ ni nɛnɛ ye, o bɛna kɛ magɛnni ye dɔɔnin. Ni nɛgɛ min bɛ kɛ, n’a ye 100% austenitic inox ye, a tɛ magnɛti ye.

 

 

 

Austenitic stainless steel ka sɔgɔli bɛ bɔ chromium oxide layɛrɛ la min bɛ kɛ nɛgɛ sanfɛ. Ni fɛn in sumayalen don fo ka se degere 450 fo 900 ma , fɛn in jɔcogo bɛ Changé, ani chromium carbides bɛ kɛ kristalɛ dakunw na. O cogo la, chromium ɔkisizɛni lakanani yɔrɔ dɔ tɛ se ka dilan kristalɛ da la, o bɛ na ni sɔgɔli fanga dɔgɔyali ye. O nɔgɔ in bɛ Weele ko "intergranular corrosion".

O de kosɔn, 304L nɛgɛ inox ani 316L inox dabɔra walasa ka nin nɔgɔ in kɛlɛ. 304L inox ni 316L inox fila bɛɛ ka karɔbɔni hakɛ ka dɔgɔn bawo karɔbɔli hakɛ bɛ dɔgɔya, o la, chromium carbide tɛna sɔrɔ ani a tɛna kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalan ye.

A ka kan ka fɔ ko ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ sɔgɔli ka bon, o t’a jira ko fɛn minnu tɛ{0}}karɔbɔli ye, olu ka teli ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ. O sensitivity fana bɛ caya sanfɛ-chlorine sigidaw la.

Aw k’a dɔn ko nin ko in sababu bɛ bɔ funteni caman na (450℃-900℃). A ka c’a la, solder (sɔgɔli) de ye sababu tilennen ye ka se o funteni ma. For soft seat conventional butterfly valves a tɛ nafa caman sɔrɔ ka taa ni karɔbɔli ye min ka dɔgɔn bawo an tɛ welda disiki la, hali ni a ɲɛfɔli fanba bɛna wele bila 304L walima 316L ma.

 

 

Mun na nɛgɛ intan bɛ nɔgɔ sɔrɔ? Ni nɔgɔ nɔgɔlenw (points) bɛ bɔ pibilikiw sanfɛ minnu tɛ sɔgɔ, mɔgɔw bɛ kabakoya: u b’a miiri ko “nɛgɛ nɔgɔlen tɛ nɔgɔ, wa ni a bɛ nɔgɔ, a tɛ nɛgɛ ye min tɛ sɔgɔ. A bɛ se ka kɛ ko gɛlɛya bɛ nɛgɛ jogo la.” Tiɲɛ na, nin ye kelen ye-Dusukun hakilina jugu kan, min bɛ tali kɛ nɛgɛ nɔgɔlen faamuyali la. Inox fana bɛ se ka nɔgɔ cogo dɔw la.

Se bɛ nɛgɛ ye min tɛ sɔgɔ, o bɛ se ka fiɲɛ oksidan kɛlɛ—o kɔrɔ ye ko a tɛ nɔgɔ, wa se fana bɛ a la ka sɔgɔ ni asidi, alkali ani kɔgɔ bɛ sɔrɔ a la—o kɔrɔ ye ko sɔgɔli bɛ se ka kɛ. Nka a ka anti-nɔgɔya seko bonya bɛ Changé ni a nɛgɛ yɛrɛ ka kemikaliya cogoya ye, a barika bonya cogoya, a baarakɛcogo, ani a sigida lamini suguya. I n’a fɔ nɛgɛ pipe 304, saniya jalen fiɲɛ kɔnɔ, a dafalen bɛ se ka nɔgɔli seko kunbɛn, nka a bɛ taa Riviera, kɔgɔjida la, kɔgɔ caman bɛ min kɔnɔ, o bɛna kɛ nɔgɔ ye sɔɔni 316 nɛgɛ pipe ye baara kɛ ka ɲɛ. O la, nɛgɛ suguya si tɛ se ka nɔgɔ ni nɔgɔ kɛlɛ sigida si la.

 

Aw bɛ fasteners ɲini wa?
Aw bɛ jukɔrɔla yɔrɔ digi walasa ka Aya Fasteners ka fɛn dilannenw ka gafebonba lajɛ, o la, aw bɛ se ka tɛmɛ-Boliw, bololanɛgɛw, washers ani nuts fɛnw kan.